Galveston African American Lifeguards Historical Marker

Guardians of the Shore: African American Lifeguards in Galveston

After the Great Storm of 1900, African American men from across the South came to Galveston in search of work. But life under Jim Crow laws—cemented by the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson ruling—meant opportunity came with segregation. Still, Black residents built vibrant communities and claimed their own spaces along the beach.

Though the Galveston Seawall beaches were segregated, African Americans created welcoming beach areas at 28th Street and West Beach—nicknamed “Brown Beach” and “Sunset Camps.” These were places of joy, rest, and community.

Answering the Call

In 1921, Black residents petitioned the city for a lifeguard. James Helton answered in 1935, becoming Galveston's first Black lifeguard. He was later joined by Wavery Guidry in 1943. Together, they made over 30 rescues and served not just as lifeguards, but as protectors during an era of exclusion.

A Lasting Legacy

Helton and Guidry paved the way for future generations of African American lifeguards. They faced social and physical challenges to keep their communities safe—and in doing so, helped shape Galveston's history.

In 2022, a Texas Historical Commission marker (No. 23767) was placed in their honor, recognizing their courage and the community they served.